TOPLINE:
Habitual short sleep duration was associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), and this association persisted even among participants who maintained a healthy diet.
METHODOLOGY:
- Data analysed for 247,867 adults in the UK Biobank during May-September 2023, with median a follow-up of 12.5 years.
- Sleep duration was categorised by hours/day as normal (7-8), mildly short (6), moderately short (5), and extremely short (3-4).
- Dietary habits were based on the consumption of red and processed meat (less healthy) and fruits, vegetables, and fish (more healthy), with scores ranging from 0 (unhealthiest) to 5 (healthiest).
TAKEAWAY:
- Proportions reporting normal, mildly short, moderately short, and extremely short sleep durations were 75.5%, 19.8%, 3.9%, and 0.8%, respectively.
- Proportions attaining diet scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 1.5%, 7.4%, 17.6%, 27.5%, 29.0%, and 17.0%, respectively.
- During follow-up, 3.2% (n = 7905) of participants were diagnosed with T2D.
- Compared with those with normal sleep duration, adjusted hazard ratios for developing T2D were 1.16 (P = .003) for 5 hours and 1.41 (P
- Compared with the least healthy diet score of 0, the risk for T2D was significantly lower for those with score of 4 (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.82; P = .01) or 5 (0.75; P
- There were no multiplicative or additive interactions between sleep duration and healthy diet scores.
- Even among those with healthy diet scores of 4-5, adjusted hazard ratios for T2D were significantly elevated for sleep durations 5 hours (1.17; 95% CI, 1.00-1.37) and 3-4 hours (1.46; 1.10-1.93).
IN PRACTICE:
“[A] lack of sleep may contribute to the development of T2D through various mechanisms, such as impaired cellular insulin sensitivity, a skeletal muscle energy metabolism shifted towards non-glucose oxidation, increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and altered gut microbiota composition,” the authors wrote. “Further research is necessary to explore whether specific dietary patterns, such as time-restricted eating, can counteract or alleviate the adverse metabolic consequences associated with short sleep duration,” they added.
SOURCE:
The study was conducted by Diana Aline Nôga, PhD, of the Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden, and colleagues and published online on March 5, 2024, in JAMA Network Open.
LIMITATIONS:
Generalisability regarding dietary patterns was uncertain. No exploration of micro- or macro-nutrients that might counter the effect of short sleep duration. No follow-up data since May 2017. Sleep and dietary habits were self-reported and assessed only at baseline. Potential residual confounders. Most were of White ancestry.
DISCLOSURES:
The study was supported by grants from the Åke Wiberg Foundation, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences at Uppsala University, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, and the Swedish Brain Research Foundation.
Source link : https://www.medscape.com/s/viewarticle/short-sleep-ups-type-2-diabetes-risk-even-healthy-diet-2024a100043y?src=rss
Author :
Publish date : 2024-03-06 14:00:00
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